Mafala Akutonthoza Kutentha (ⅱ)

May 20, 2024

Njira zochizira kutentha nthawi zambiri zimaphatikizanso njira zitatu: Kutentha, kubisa, ndi kuziziritsa, nthawi zina kumangokhala njira ziwiri zokha: kutentha ndi kuzizirira. Njira izi zimaphatikizidwa komanso kusokonezedwa. Kutentha ndi chimodzi mwazinthu zofunikira pakuchiritsa kutentha. Pali njira zambiri zotenthetsera zachitsulo kuchiritsa chachitsulo, poyamba pogwiritsa ntchito makala ndi malasha ngati magwero otentha, ndipo pambuyo pake amagwiritsa ntchito mafuta madzi ndi gasi. Kugwiritsa ntchito magetsi kumapangitsa kuti kutentha kumathetsa kuwongolera ndipo sikuwonongeka. Magwero awa amagwiritsa ntchito kutentha mwachindunji, komanso mopupuluma kudzera mchere wosungunula kapena golide, komanso ngakhale tinthu tating'onoting'ono. Zitsulo zikatenthetsedwa, chogwirira ntchito chimawonekera kwa mpweya ndipo nthawi zambiri chimakhala ndi maxidation ndi dekarburiza (mwachitsanzo, zomwe zili pamalo achitsulo zimachepa), zomwe zili ndi zotsatira zoyipa kwambiri pamayendedwe otentha. Chifukwa chake, zitsulo nthawi zambiri ziyenera kutenthetsedwa mu malo otetezedwa kapena oteteza mchere, mchere wosungunula, komanso vacuum, ndipo amathanso kutetezedwa ndikugwiritsa ntchito zokutira kapena njira. Kutentha ndi chimodzi mwazinthu zofunikira kwambiri pamankhwala othandizira kutentha. Kusankha ndi kuwongolera kutentha kwa kutentha ndiye vuto lalikulu kuti mutsimikizire kuti kutentha kwa kutentha. Kutenthetsa kutentha kumasiyananso kutengera zitsulo zomwe zimakonzedwa ndi cholinga cha chithandizo chamatenthedwe, koma nthawi zambiri amatenthetsa pamwamba pa gawo la gawo lapamwamba kuti muchepetse microstruction yamagetsi yotentha. Kuphatikiza apo, kusinthika kumafunikira nthawi yayitali. Chifukwa chake, pamene malo achitsulo amafika kutentha kwazinthu zofunika kwa nthawi yayitali, kuti kutentha kwakunja ndi kwakunja ndikosasinthika ndipo kusintha kwa ma microstrucruction ikwaniritsidwa. Nthawi imeneyi imatchedwa nthawi yonyamula. Mukamagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zotentha kwambiri komanso mankhwala otenthetsa pamtunda, liwiro la kutentha limathamanga kwambiri, ndipo nthawi zambiri pamakhala nthawi yotayirira, ngakhale kuti nthawi yothetsera kutentha mankhwala nthawi zambiri imakhala yayitali.

Kuzizira ndi gawo lofunikira kwambiri mu njira yothandizira kutentha, ndipo njira yozizira imasiyanasiyana malinga ndi njira yozizira. Kuchuluka kwa chiwonetsero nthawi zambiri kumakhala kosadetsa kwambiri, pomwe nthawi yozizira yozizira ndizofulumira, ndipo kuchuluka kwa kudzikuza kumakhala kofulumira. Koma palinso zofunika zosiyanasiyana chifukwa cha mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya chitsulo chosiyanasiyana, mwachitsanzo, mpweya wolimba umathamangitsidwa pamlingo womwewo wozizira monga kukonzanso.

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Author:

Mr. James Jing

E-mail:

jlytjing@sina.com

Phone/WhatsApp:

8618088682315

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